Explanation

  • A very informal greeting, short for What's up?.
  • Asks What's new? or How are you? in a very casual way.

Origin

  • Direct shortening of What's up?.
  • Popularized in the late 20th century, particularly through American youth culture and media. Its usage grew alongside Yo.

Alternatives

Slang/Informal:

  • Wagwan? (UK/Jamaican Patois)
  • What it do? (US South/AAVE influence)
  • How you livin'? (AAVE influence)

Milder/Standard:

  • What's up?
  • How are you?
  • Hey / Hi

Situational Appropriateness

  • Extremely informal. Suitable only for close friends, peers, and very casual situations.
  • Avoid in any formal or professional context, or when showing respect is important. It can sound dismissive or overly casual.

Misunderstanding Warnings

  • Similar to What's up?, non-native speakers might try to answer too literally or formally. The expected response is usually brief and equally informal.
  • The main risk is using it inappropriately in formal settings.

Examples

  • (Passing a friend in the hallway) Sup?
  • (Answering the phone casually) Sup.
  • Sup, dude?

Dialogue

Context

Jake: (Nods as he walks past) Sup, Maya?

Maya: (Nods back) Sup.

(They continue walking in opposite directions)

*Alternatively:*

Carlos: Sup, man?

Dave: Not much, just grabbing coffee. You?

Carlos: Same. Heading to class.

Social Media Examples

  • Snapchat caption on a selfie: Sup
  • Text message: Sup, wanna hang later?
  • Discord server greeting: yo sup everyone

Response Patterns

  • Sup (Mirroring the greeting)
  • Not much / Nothing much
  • Same old
  • Chillin' / Just chillin'
  • Hey / Yo
  • Sometimes a nod or minimal gesture is sufficient acknowledgment.

Common Follow-up Questions/Actions

  • Often, there's no expectation of a detailed answer. The exchange can be very brief (Sup? Sup.).
  • If the responder says Not much, the asker might follow up with What are you up to? or share their own news.
  • It often serves as just a quick mutual acknowledgement before moving on or starting a different topic.

Conversation Starter

  • Yes. A very common, quick, and informal conversation starter or mutual greeting.

Intonation

  • Often said quickly with a slightly rising inflection at the end, indicating a casual question. Sup?
  • Can also be said with a flat, low tone as a minimal acknowledgement or greeting, almost like a statement. Sup.

Generation Differences

  • Most common among teens and young adults (Gen Z, younger Millennials).
  • Understood by older generations but used less frequently by them.

Regional Variations

  • Very common in American English (US).
  • Used and understood in other English-speaking countries (Canada, UK, Australia) due to media influence, but perhaps less frequently than in the US. In the UK, Alright? serves a similar function.
Yo